AUSTRALIANS are increasingly turning to surrogacy arrangements in India to fulfil their desire to have children, new research shows.
Hundreds of Australians are choosing India as their destination for commercial surrogacy, followed by Thailand and the United States, rather than opt for a legal arrangement in Australia which bans compensating surrogates.
Research by Surrogacy Australia, an Australian agency involved in international surrogacy, found there were 200 recorded surrogacy births in India to Australian couples so far this year, compared to 179 in 2011, 86 in 2010 and 47 in 2009.
The research included Australian government statistics, data collected from 14 large overseas surrogacy agencies and a survey of 217 Australians.
The survey of heterosexual and same-sex Australians who had considered or sought out surrogacy found many households were refinancing their homes to afford the thousands of dollars in agency and travel costs.
The average cost of surrogacy in India was $77,000 while an arrangement in the US cost on average about $176,000.
This compared to about $45,000 for altruistic surrogacy allowed in Australia.
Half of those surveyed mortgaged or refinanced their home to pay for surrogacy, while 45 per cent cut their spending.
Others took out a bank loan, borrowed from family or sold property.
Surrogacy Australia president Sam Everingham said the trend towards overseas surrogacy would continue "while Australia maintains laws and policies that make surrogacy quite difficult within Australia".
"We're getting very, very small numbers accessing surrogacy here," said Mr Everingham, who will present the research at the annual Fertility Society of Australia conference in Auckland on Monday.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare data shows there were just 19 births from Australian surrogacy arrangements in 2009, eight in 2008 and seven in 2007.
Of the participants surveyed by Surrogacy Australia, just six had a baby following surrogacy in Australia, while four commenced an arrangement but failed and 13 were still in process.
"The research has shown that high levels of regulation within Australia and lower barriers in some overseas markets is shifting the practice of surrogacy offshore and it is a big industry," Mr Everingham said.
"The lack of legal ability to advertise or compensate a surrogate in Australia is pushing many hundreds of infertile or same-sex couples offshore."
However, Mr Everingham said new visa laws enacted by India would prevent singles, same-sex and de facto couples from entering surrogacy agreements which could lead to a drop in numbers in coming years.
But Australians might then shift their search to countries like Thailand, he said.
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